Gutenberg (b. 1398) was the first European to use the printing press and movable type in Europe. Among his many contributions to printing are:
1- the invention of a process for mass-producing movable type,
2- the use of oil-based ink for printing books,
3- adjustable molds,
4- mechanical movable type,
something like this on a page:
Gutenberg's genius consists in combining all these elements into a practical system that allowed the mass production of printed books and was economically viable for printers and readers alike.
Gutenberg is the Ford of printing.
The moveable type allowed Gutenberg to create multiples of the same page. It also allowed him to quickly change the letters and make another page. The printing press was made of many different components.
Many important documents were made with this invention. Some of the documents were made right away, like Luther's 95 Thesis.
Moveable type allowed to fix mistakes, and style text. The invention was an idea of true genius.
Summarizing:
1- metal type pieces were more durable and the lettering was more uniform
2-high quality and relatively low price of the Gutenberg Bible (1455) established the superiority of movable type in Europe
3- the printing press is a key factor in fostering the Renaissance
4- it's considered a pivotal invention to cause a world paradigm shift